{"id":1766,"date":"2025-09-11T16:44:13","date_gmt":"2025-09-11T16:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/?p=1766"},"modified":"2025-09-12T05:03:24","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T05:03:24","slug":"%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d1%83%d1%8e-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b3%d0%b8%d0%bf%d0%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/?p=1766","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435 Proxmox \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 Debian 12"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b (GPU passthrough) \u0432 Proxmox \u043d\u0430 Debian 12 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0441 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddf0 1. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 IOMMU<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f <strong>Intel<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU \/var\/log\/dmesg<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f <strong>AMD<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>dmesg | grep -i iommu<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u2014 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c \u0432 <code>\/etc\/default\/grub<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet amd_iommu=on iommu=pt\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f Intel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet intel_iommu=on iommu=pt\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>update-grub\nreboot<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde9 2. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 PCI-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>lspci -nn | grep VGA<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>01:00.0 VGA compatible controller &#91;0300]: NVIDIA Corporation ...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd12 3. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 GPU \u043a <code>vfio-pci<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b <code>\/etc\/modprobe.d\/vfio.conf<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>options vfio-pci ids=10de:1b80,10de:10f0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 <code>10de:1b80<\/code> \u0438 <code>10de:10f0<\/code> \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 <code>vendor:device<\/code> ID \u0438\u0437 <code>lspci -nn<\/code>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0432 <code>\/etc\/modules<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>vfio\nvfio_iommu_type1\nvfio_pci\nvfio_virqfd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>update-initramfs -u\nreboot<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f 4. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439 VM \u0441 UEFI \u0438 Q35:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>qm create 106 --name debian12-gpu --memory 8192 --cores 4 --cpu host --net0 virtio,bridge=vmbr0 --machine q35 --bios ovmf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c GPU:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>qm set 106 --hostpci0 01:00.0,pcie=1,x-vga=1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>qm set 106 --hostpci1 01:00.1,pcie=1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udda5\ufe0f 5. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 Debian 12<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f NVIDIA:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install linux-headers-$(uname -r)\nsudo apt install nvidia-driver firmware-misc-nonfree<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f AMD:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt install firmware-amd-graphics<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udccc \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u044e\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434<\/strong>: VM \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 VNC \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 HDMI\/DP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>: \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 <code>display<\/code> \u0438 <code>vga<\/code> \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 VM<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/strong>: \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 VM <code>nvidia-smi<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <code>glxinfo | grep render<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u044b (GPU passthrough) \u0432 Proxmox \u043d\u0430 Debian 12 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0441 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439: \ud83e\uddf0 1. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 IOMMU \u0414\u043b\u044f Intel: \u0414\u043b\u044f AMD: \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u2014 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-33"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1766"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1767,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1766\/revisions\/1767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}