{"id":1842,"date":"2025-11-07T05:52:14","date_gmt":"2025-11-07T05:52:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/?p=1842"},"modified":"2025-11-07T05:52:14","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T05:52:14","slug":"ip-ipv4-%d0%b8-ipv6-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%8b-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d1%83%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%bd%d1%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alexisiumus.ru\/?p=1842","title":{"rendered":"IP (IPv4 \u0438 IPv6): \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>IP (Internet Protocol) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 OSI \u0438 TCP\/IP, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 IP: IPv4 \u0438 IPv6. IPv4 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u0430 IPv6 \u2014 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 IPv4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IPv4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0410\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f: 32-\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b (\u043e\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, 192.168.0.1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432: \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 4,3 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430: \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0424\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f: \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f IPv4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043a \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0443 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0435\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IPv6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0410\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f: 128-\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f \u043f\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2014 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 3,4\u00d710^38, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (IPsec).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 (stateless address autoconfiguration).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 IPv6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 NAT (Network Address Translation).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (QoS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 IP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0410\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f:<\/strong> \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/strong> \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f:<\/strong> \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0424\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>IP-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b IPv4 \u0438 IPv6 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 IPv6 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f IP, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f IPv4 \u0438 IPv6, \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 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